Introducing The first industrial revolution - inventions through out the 1800's
First Industrial Revolution
The First Industrial Revolution took place in the late 1700s in Britain. Britain is the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution. In this century many things quickly advanced and a series of ideas led to ever-increasing productivity. Before the Industrial Revolution, people lived in small village communities, where everyday life revolved around farming. The Industrial Revolution brought many inventions, such as ; factories, mass production, hand tools, basic machines, iron, textile, and steam engines. There were also great acceleration in industries. Industries such as the textile, iron, coal, and term cottage. The systems of transportation, communication, and banking rapidly advanced.
Companies soon started relying on new machines, rather than humans. Less human energy was required. It brought an increased volume and variety of manufactured goods. It also brought much prosperity in improving industries and the life of some people. This also resulted in cruel employment and living conditions for the poor and the working classes. The life of an average person became difficult as incomes were lacking Also during this age of inventions, many people did not have enough food to develop or function normally and diseases were very common. People would also have to fear being replaced by a machine. There were many inventions and a rapid expansions of industries, during this era, but there were also many severe and dangerous living conditions for people.
The stock exchange was established in London 1770. In the early 1790’s the New York Stock Exchange was founded. In 1776, Adam Smith (1723- 1790) was considered the founder of modern economics. He published “The Wealth Of Nations“. He also promoted the economic system based on free-enterprise-private ownership means of production, and lack of government interference.
On 1712 Thomas Newcomen (1664-1729) developed the first practical steam engine. The Steam engine was used mainly to pump water out of mines. In 1764, James Hargreaves (1722-1778) invented the “Spinning Jenny” an early meaning of the word (engine). The Spinning Jenny was a machine that allowed a single person to produce multiple spools of threads at the same time. When Hargreaves died, there were already over 20,000 Spinning Jennys in use across all of Britain. Samuel Crompton’s (1753-1827) Spinning Mule approved The Spinning Jenny. As well as afterward inventions. By the 1770s, James Watt (1736-1819) had improved on Newcomen’s work, and the steam engine went on to power machinery, locomotives and ships during the Industrial Revolution. Before transportation expanded, the arriving of the Steam engine, raw materials, and finished goods were pulled and dealt out by traveling horses, drawn wagons and boats. As well as along canals and rivers. In 1780, the Power Loom and the mechanized process of weaving cloth was developed by, Edmund Cartwright (1743-1823). The developments in the Iron Industry were the central role in the Industrial Revolution.
In the early 1800’s. American Robert Fulton (1765- 1815) built the first commercially successful Steamboat. Richard Trevithick (1771- 1833) also invented and constructed the first railway Steam Locomotive. In the 18th century, Englishman Abraham Darby (1678-1717) discovered a cheaper much smaller method to produce Cast iron by using Coke fueled (opposite to charcoal-fired) furnaces. In the 1850’s, Henry Bessemer (1813-1898) developed the first inexpensive process of mass-producing steel. Iron and steel were the essential materials used to make everything from appliances to tools and machines to ships and buildings infrastructure. In the 1820’s, Scottish engineer John McAdam (1756- 1836) developed a new process of road construction. His technique, which was called the “macadam”, which made smoother roads, more durable and less muddy. In 1830, England’s Liverpool and Manchester Railway became the first to offer regular, timetabled passengers services. In 1837, two Brits William Cooke (1806- 1879) and Charles Wheatstone (1802-1875) patented first commercial electrical telegraph. In 1840, railways were part of Cooke-Wheatstone’s system. In 1866, the telegraph cable was successfully laid across the Atlantic. The Industrial Revolution also led to the rise of banks and industrial financiers. The factory system was dependent on owners and managers. In the 1850’s, Britain had more than 6,000 miles of a railroad track. In the mid 19th century, steamships were carrying freight across the Atlantic. Steam-powered ships were making a debut. The Steam Locomotive came into use.
The inventions of steam engines, new railways, new inventions that led to better communication and new ways of banking, were all part of the First Industrial Revolution. The First Industrial Revolution played a very important role on our timeline of inventions and it helped us gain a better understanding of what us humans have created over the years. It also shows our way of rapidly evolving.This is the absolute beauty of the First Industrial Revolution.
Sources page
First Industrial Revolution sources - http://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution